Tuesday, August 22, 2006

Sedulian Influence on the Roman Liturgy

Salve, sancta parens, enixa puerpera regem,
Qui caelum terramque tenet per saecula, cuius
Nomen et aeterno conplectens omnia gyro
Imperium sine fine manet; quae uentre beato
Gaudia matris habens cum uirginitatis honore
Nec primam similem uisa es nec habere sequentem:
Sola sine exemplo placuisti femina Christo.
(Sedulius, Paschale Carmen 2. 63-9)

In commenting on the above passage about Mary in his book The Gospel as Epic in Late Antiquity: The Paschale Carmen of Sedulius (Brill 1988), Carl P.E. Springer points out the ecclesiastical influence that this passage was to have. In addition to the incorporation of Salve, sancta parens into the Roman liturgy, '[l]ines 63-4 were adapted with a few small changes as the Introit for the Common feasts of Mary. Lines 67-8 became part of the second antiphon of Christmas Lauds and line 69 was used in the Magnificat antiphon on the feast of the Presentation of Mary' (p. 91). And Vergil aficionados will note the allusion in line 66 (imperium sine fine manet) to Aen.1.279 (imperium sine fine dedi), which comes shortly after the prophecy of a miraculous birth:
Hic iam ter centum totos regnabitur annos
gente sub Hectorea, donec regina sacerdos,
Marte gravis, geminam partu dabit Ilia prolem.
Inde lupae fulvo nutricis tegmine laetus
Romulus excipiet gentem, et Mavortia condet
moenia, Romanosque suo de nomine dicet.
His ego nec metas rerum nec tempora pono;
imperium sine fine dedi.
(Aen.1.272-9)

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